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CHAPTER 15
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Important Terms
acid anhydride
O
C
R O
C
R
O
acyl adenylate
a carboxylic acid derivative with an AMP leaving group.
acyl group
O
C
R
acyl halide
O
C
R Cl
O
C
R Br
or
acyl phosphate
a carboxylic acid derivative with a phosphate leaving group.
acyl transfer reaction
a reaction that transfers an acyl substituent from one group to another.
alcoholysis
a reaction with an alcohol that converts one compound into two compounds.
amide
O
C
R NH
2
O
C
R NHR
O
C
R NR
2
or
or
amino acid
an
a
-amino carboxylic acid.
aminolysis
a reaction with an amine that converts one compound into two compounds.
biosynthesis
synthesis that occurs in a biological system.
carbonyl carbon
the carbon of a
C O
group.
carbonyl compound
a compound that contains a
C O
group.
carbonyl group
a carbon doubly bonded to an oxygen (
C O
).
carbonyl oxygen
the oxygen of a
C O
group.
carboxyl group
O
C
OH
or
COOH
CO
2
H
or
carboxylic acid
O
C
R OH