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736 Chapter 22
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
molecular recognition
the recognition of one molecule by another as a result of specific interactions (for
example, the specificity of an enzyme for its substrate).
nucleophilic catalysis
catalysis that occurs as a result of a nucleophile forming a covalent bond with one
(covalent catalysis)
of the reactants.
nucleophilic catalyst
a catalyst that increases the rate of a reaction by acting as a nucleophile.
pH-activity profile
a plot of the activity of an enzyme as a function of the pH of the reaction mixture.
or pH-rate profile
relative rate
the relative rate is obtained by dividing the actual rate constant by the rate constant
of the slowest reaction in the group being compared.
site-specific mutagenesis
a technique that substitutes one amino acid of a protein for another.
specific-acid catalysis
catalysis in which the proton is fully transferred to the reactant before the slow
step of the reaction.
specific-base catalysis
catalysis in which the proton is completely removed from the reactant before the
slow step of the reaction.
substrate
the reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.