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Chapter 3

 From the Jacobean Age to the Restoration Period

3.1 The Stuart Period and the Restoration.................................................................260

3.1.1 Historical and Social Background.............................................................260

3.1.2 Cultural and Literary Background............................................................263

3.2 Jacobean and Restoration Poetry. .........................................................................265

3.2.1 The Metaphysical Poets..............................................................................265

3.2.2 The Cavalier Poets......................................................................................269

3.2.3 Andrew Marvell (1621-1678).....................................................................272

3.2.4 John Milton (1608-1674)............................................................................273

3.2.5 John Dryden (1631-1700)..........................................................................276

3.2.6 Other Restoration Poets.............................................................................278

3.3 Jacobean and Restoration Drama..........................................................................279

3.3.1 Ben Jonson (1573-1637).............................................................................279

3.3.2 Jacobean Comedy and Tragicomedy.........................................................282

3.3.3 Jacobean Revenge Tragedy........................................................................284

3.3.4 John Dryden (1631-1700)..........................................................................287

3.3.5 William Congreve (1670-1729)..................................................................288

3.3.6 Other Restoration Dramatists....................................................................290

3.4 Seventeenth Century Prose Writing......................................................................292

3.4.1 Political and Philosophical Prose Writing.................................................292

3.4.2 Robert Burton (1577-1649). ......................................................................294

3.4.3 John Milton (1608-1674)............................................................................295

3.4.4 John Bunyan (1628-1688)..........................................................................296

3.4.5 Women’s Prose Writing .............................................................................297

3.4.6 Literary Criticism: John Dryden................................................................299

3.4.7 The Diarists.................................................................................................300

Chapter 4

 The Augustan Age

4.1 The Age of Reason (1714-1760)............................................................................301

4.1.1 Historical and Social Background.............................................................301

4.1.2 Cultural and Literary Background............................................................303

4.2 The Rise of the Novel.............................................................................................305

4.2.1 The Rise of the Realistic Novel..................................................................305

4.2.2 Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)..........................................................................306

4.2.3 Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)........................................................................309

4.2.4 Samuel Richardson (1689-1761)...............................................................310

4.2.5 Henry Fielding (1707-1754).......................................................................313

4.2.6 Lawrence Sterne (1713-1768)....................................................................315

4.2.7 Tobias Smollett (1721-1771)......................................................................317

4.2.8 Women’s Writing........................................................................................318

4.2.9 Henry Mackenzie (1745-1831). .................................................................320

4.3 Augustan Prose Writing..........................................................................................320

4.3.1 The Rise of Journalism...............................................................................320

4.3.2 Samuel Johnson (1709-1784).....................................................................322

4.3.3 Satirical Prose Writing: Jonathan Swift......................................................323

4.3.4 Philosophical and Historical Prose Writing..............................................325