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Chapter 3
From the Jacobean Age to the Restoration Period
3.1 The Stuart Period and the Restoration.................................................................260
3.1.1 Historical and Social Background.............................................................260
3.1.2 Cultural and Literary Background............................................................263
3.2 Jacobean and Restoration Poetry. .........................................................................265
3.2.1 The Metaphysical Poets..............................................................................265
3.2.2 The Cavalier Poets......................................................................................269
3.2.3 Andrew Marvell (1621-1678).....................................................................272
3.2.4 John Milton (1608-1674)............................................................................273
3.2.5 John Dryden (1631-1700)..........................................................................276
3.2.6 Other Restoration Poets.............................................................................278
3.3 Jacobean and Restoration Drama..........................................................................279
3.3.1 Ben Jonson (1573-1637).............................................................................279
3.3.2 Jacobean Comedy and Tragicomedy.........................................................282
3.3.3 Jacobean Revenge Tragedy........................................................................284
3.3.4 John Dryden (1631-1700)..........................................................................287
3.3.5 William Congreve (1670-1729)..................................................................288
3.3.6 Other Restoration Dramatists....................................................................290
3.4 Seventeenth Century Prose Writing......................................................................292
3.4.1 Political and Philosophical Prose Writing.................................................292
3.4.2 Robert Burton (1577-1649). ......................................................................294
3.4.3 John Milton (1608-1674)............................................................................295
3.4.4 John Bunyan (1628-1688)..........................................................................296
3.4.5 Women’s Prose Writing .............................................................................297
3.4.6 Literary Criticism: John Dryden................................................................299
3.4.7 The Diarists.................................................................................................300
Chapter 4
The Augustan Age
4.1 The Age of Reason (1714-1760)............................................................................301
4.1.1 Historical and Social Background.............................................................301
4.1.2 Cultural and Literary Background............................................................303
4.2 The Rise of the Novel.............................................................................................305
4.2.1 The Rise of the Realistic Novel..................................................................305
4.2.2 Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)..........................................................................306
4.2.3 Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)........................................................................309
4.2.4 Samuel Richardson (1689-1761)...............................................................310
4.2.5 Henry Fielding (1707-1754).......................................................................313
4.2.6 Lawrence Sterne (1713-1768)....................................................................315
4.2.7 Tobias Smollett (1721-1771)......................................................................317
4.2.8 Women’s Writing........................................................................................318
4.2.9 Henry Mackenzie (1745-1831). .................................................................320
4.3 Augustan Prose Writing..........................................................................................320
4.3.1 The Rise of Journalism...............................................................................320
4.3.2 Samuel Johnson (1709-1784).....................................................................322
4.3.3 Satirical Prose Writing: Jonathan Swift......................................................323
4.3.4 Philosophical and Historical Prose Writing..............................................325