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134 Chapter 3
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solubility
the extent to which a compound dissolves in a solvent.
solvation
the interaction between a solvent and another molecule (or ion).
staggered conformer
a conformer in which the bonds on one carbon bisect the bond angles on the adja-
cent carbon when viewed looking down the carbon-carbon bond.
steric hindrance
hindrance due to groups occupying a volume of space.
steric strain
the repulsion between the electron cloud of an atom or group of atoms and the
electron cloud of another atom or group of atoms.
straight-chain alkane
an alkane in which the carbons form a continuous chain with no branches.
structural isomers
molecules that have the same molecular formula but differ in the way the atoms
(constitutional isomers)
are connected.
symmetrical ether
an ether with two identical alkyl substituents bonded to the oxygen.
systematic nomenclature
a system of nomenclature based on rules.
tertiary alcohol
an alcohol in which the OH group is bonded to a tertiary carbon.
tertiary alkyl halide
an alkyl halide in which the halogen is bonded to a tertiary carbon.
tertiary amine
an amine with three alkyl groups bonded to the nitrogen.
tertiary carbon
a carbon bonded to three other carbons.
tertiary hydrogen
a hydrogen bonded to a tertiary carbon.
trans-fused
two rings fused together in such a way that if the second ring were considered to
be two substituents of the first ring, the two substituents would be on opposite
sides of the first ring.
trans isomer
the isomer with two substituents on opposite sides of the ring.
(for a cyclic compound)
twist-boat conformer
one of the conformers of a cyclohexane ring.
unsymmetrical ether
an ether with two different alkyl substituents bonded to the oxygen.