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Chapter 1
The Italian School System and the European Context
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www.
edises
.it
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established the boards of the school and redefined the legal status of the school
personnel;
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allowed the realisation of innovative experiments with the observance of the laws
in force.
The Nineties
had a series of sectoral reforms, such as the reform of the primary
school, the adoption of the Consolidated Law on school regulations, the establish-
ment of the Comprehensive Institute, and the extension of compulsory education to
10 years.
Law 59/1997
introduced
school autonomy
(Article 21).
School equality
was introduced by Law 62 of 2000, which established the
public edu-
cation and training system
, including state schools and charter schools.
1.1.5
From the Moratti reform to the Good School
With Law 53/2003 (
the Moratti reform
) a new reform of the non-university educa-
tional system was introduced, restructuring:
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Nursery schools;
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The first school cycle (primary school and lower secondary school);
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The second school cycle (secondary school divided into two subsystems, grammar
schools and vocational schools).
Today, only the general system of the Moratti reform still remains. In fact, in 2007,
the change of legislative majority involved partial deferment. Between 2009 and
2010, a series of containment measures for public spending reorganised primary and
secondary education.
In 2015, Law 107 (known as
The Good School law
or
Buona Scuola
) introduced a total
“Reform of the national system of education and training” to be implemented (in
particular) through a series of delegated legislative.
Certain provisions entered immediately into force, relating to:
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The extraordinary Plan to recruit about 100,000 teachers;
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The transformation of the Training Offer Plan to a Three-Year Plan;
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The employment by schools of new personnel;
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Different procedures to evaluate the test year of new teachers;
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Different systems of territorial placement for in-house and supply teachers for th-
ree-year offices.
1.2
Nursery schools and first cycle
1.2.1
Nursery schools regulations
Nursery schools
were established by Law 444 of 18 March 1968.
The current nursery school is a pre-school path, recommended but not compulsory,
for children
age 3 to 6
.
The normal schedule is of forty hours per week, five or six days, which can be extend-
ed to a maximum of fifty hours a week and reduced to no less than twenty-five hours.